Key Takeaways

Section 115JD is an important provision of the Income Tax Act. As per this provision, you can claim credit for the remaining difference between the Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) and your regular income tax.
You can use this credit for the next 15 years, also you can only use this credit when your regular tax exceeds the Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT).
AMT credit reduces future tax burden and helps keep tax treatment fair. The system ensures zero-tax-paying entities still contribute, while giving them future relief.

Section 115JD of the Income Tax Act talks about the credit of Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT). It ensures that when a taxpayer pays more tax under AMT than under regular provisions, the extra amount does not go to waste but can be adjusted in later years.

Let’s say Mr. Sharma runs a manufacturing unit in Dwarka, Delhi. He invests in new plant and machinery under Section 35AD (100% deduction for specific capital expenditures incurred by businesses). The following table shows his tax liability for FY 2024-25:

Particulars	Amount (₹)
Regular Tax Liability	2,00,000
AMT Payable (18.5% of adjusted income)	3,00,000
Excess Paid (AMT – Regular Tax)	1,00,000
AMT Credit Available	1,00,000

In the next year, if his regular tax liability rises above AMT, he can set off this credit of ₹1,00,000 (as shown in the above-mentioned table). This shows how Section 115JD protects taxpayers from losing the benefit of excess tax paid.

In this blog, we will learn more about Section 115JD of the Income Tax Act, its applicability, provisions, and how to make an AMT credit claim.

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Applicability Of Section 115JD

Section 115JD concerns only taxpayers required to follow AMT regulations. The following table highlights who exactly comes under this section:

Category	Applicability of Section 115JD
Individuals, Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs), Associations of Persons (AOPs), or Bodies of Individuals (BOIs) with adjusted income above ₹20,00,000.	Covered, AMT applies
Any business entity, regardless of overall revenue.	Covered distinctly from others
Only taxpayers in specified categories.	Condition applies exclusively
Taxpayers who claim deductions as per Sections 80H and 80RRB, excluding 80P.	Covered under AMT
Taxpayers claiming deduction under Section 35AD.	Covered under AMT
Taxpayers claiming deduction under Section 10AA (SEZ units).	Covered, AMT applies

The above-mentioned table shows that Section 115JD does not apply universally; mainly, it covers taxpayers with large deductions, ensuring both benefits and fair tax compliance.

Provisions Of Section 115JD

If you want to understand Section 115JD, then you need to know how eligibility, carry forward, and set-off work for taxpayers falling under AMT rules.

The table below summarises the key provisions of Section 115JD that govern the claim and usage of AMT credits:

Section	Provision	Detail
115JD(1)	Eligibility	Individuals satisfying the requirements of Section 115JC may claim credits under this section.
115JD(2)	Excess AMT credit	Any AMT paid higher than the regular income tax for a year forms part of the credit. The credit allowed cannot exceed the relief available for foreign taxes paid under Sections 90, 90A, or 91.
115JD(3)	Interest on credit	The credit given under subsection (1) does not carry any interest.
115JD(4)	Carry forward	As per subsections (5) and (6), credit computed under subsection (2) can be carried forward for 15 assessment years, beginning from the year it was first made available.
115JD(5)	Set-off rule	When the regular tax is higher than AMT, the credit can be used to cover the difference, and any leftover credit can be carried forward.
115JD(6)	Impact of revisions	Any changes in the regular tax or AMT by order under the Act will also revise the tax credit entitlement.
115JD(7)	Exemptions	Individuals under Section 115BAC(1A) and co-operative societies covered by Sections 115BAD or 115BAE are exempt from AMT calculation under 115JC and cannot avail credit benefits under 115JD.

The above-mentioned provisions reflect that Section 115JD is designed to ensure fair treatment of taxpayers who pay AMT. It balances tax liability with the right to claim credits while preventing misuse of deductions.

Also Read - Section 147 of the Income Tax Act – Income Escaping Assessment Explained

Tax Under Section 115JD

The taxpayer always pays the higher of the two (AMT and regular income tax), and the difference becomes an AMT credit.

The following table shows the effective AMT tax rate under Section 115JD:

Type of Taxpayer	Adjusted Total Income	Effective AMT Rate
Firms or Cooperative Societies	Up to ₹1 crore	19.24% (18.5% tax + 4% cess)
Firms or Cooperative Societies	Above ₹1 crore	21.5488% (18.5% tax + 12% surcharge + 4% cess)
Other Non-Cooperative Assessee	Up to ₹1 crore	19.24% (18.5% tax + 4% cess)

From the above-mentioned table, you can see that Section 115JD ensures that even after claiming deductions, a minimum level of tax is paid. Let’s understand this better with the help of an example.

For example, Natasha runs a logistics firm in Rohini, New Delhi. The following table shows her tax liability for FY 2024-25 and FY 2026-27:

Particulars	FY 2024–25 (₹)	FY 2026–27 (₹)
Regular Tax	2,00,000	4,00,000
AMT Payable (18.5% on adjusted total income)	3,00,000	3,70,000
AMT Credit	1,00,000 (earned)	30,000 (used)
Final Tax Payable	3,00,000	3,70,000
Remaining Credit	1,00,000	70,000

The above-mentioned table shows that while she paid more in one year, she could balance it in later years using AMT credit.

Bonus Tip: Credit for excess AMT under Section 115JD is non-refundable. You can only adjust it against future tax, never claim it as a cash refund, ensuring AMT stays a minimum tax.

Conclusion

Section 115JD of the Income Tax Act ensures fairness for taxpayers. This provision asks businesses to pay AMT when their deductions reduce tax too much, but at the same time, it gives them credit for the extra tax paid.

Businesses can carry forward this credit for 15 years and use it in years where regular tax is higher. This provision not only prevents complete tax avoidance but also encourages taxpayers to claim genuine deductions without fear of losing money.

FAQs

1. Does Section 115JD apply during mergers or demergers?

Yes, it allows companies to carry forward losses and unabsorbed depreciation during mergers or demergers if conditions are met.

2. What is Section 115JB of the Income Tax Act 1961?

Section 115JB makes it mandatory for companies to pay Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) at 15% of their book profit, plus surcharge and cess, if their regular income tax liability is lower than this amount.

3. How do I report under Section 115JB of the Income Tax Act 1961?

Companies covered under Section 115JB must file Form 29B, a report certified by a Chartered Accountant, which calculates book profits for MAT purposes.

4. What is the difference between 115JB and 115BAA?

Section 115JB imposes MAT when a company’s tax liability is below 15% of its book profit. Section 115BAA allows eligible companies to pay a concessional tax rate of 22% without being subject to MAT.

5. Who is eligible for 115BAA?

Any domestic company can opt for Section 115BAA, provided it forgoes specified deductions and exemptions.

6. What is the difference between book profit and taxable profit?

Book profit is profit shown in company accounts as per law, while taxable profit is profit computed after applying income tax rules.

7. What is Form 16B used for?

Form 16B is a TDS certificate issued by the property buyer to the seller, showing the tax deducted at source on the property purchase.

Other Related Pages
Section 44ADA of the Income Tax Act	Section 17(2) of the Income Tax Act	Section 80GG of the Income Tax Act	Section 35AD of the Income Tax Act
Section 194O of the Income Tax Act	Section 90 of the Income Tax Act	Section 133(6) of the Income Tax Act	Section 10(23C) of the Income Tax Act
Section 206C of the Income Tax Act	Section 234C of the Income Tax Act	Section 36 of the Income Tax Act	Section 41 of the Income Tax Act
Section 9 of the Income Tax Act	Section 115BAB of the Income Tax Act	Section 115JD of the Income Tax Act	Section 80E of the Income Tax Act